Structural principle of mechanical steering system

The mechanical steering system takes the driver's physical strength as the steering energy, in which all power transmission parts are mechanical. Mechanical steering system consists of steering control mechanism, steering gear and steering transmission mechanism.

Figure 1 shows the composition and layout of the mechanical steering system. When the vehicle turns, the driver applies a steering torque to steering wheel 1. This torque is input to steering gear 5 through steering shaft 2, steering universal joint 3 and steering transmission shaft 4. The torque amplified by the steering gear and the movement after deceleration are transmitted to the steering rocker arm 6, and then transmitted to the steering knuckle arm 8 fixed on the left steering knuckle 9 through the steering tie rod 7 to deflect the left steering knuckle and the left steering wheel it supports. In order to deflect the right knuckle 13 and its supporting right steering wheel by a corresponding angle, a steering trapezoid is also set. The steering trapezoid consists of trapezoidal arms 10 and 12 fixed on the left and right steering knuckles and tie rods 11 with both ends connected with the trapezoidal arm as ball hinges.

A series of components and parts from the steering wheel to the steering transmission shaft belong to the steering control mechanism. The series of components and parts from steering rocker arm to steering trapezoid (excluding steering knuckle) belong to steering transmission mechanism.